Tag Archives: Kayaking Saturna Island

sea kayaking currents Saturna Island

Saturna’s Currents Decoded

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Understanding sea kayaking currents around Saturna Island is essential for safe trip planning. If you haven’t already, our article Saturna’s Tides Decoded connects closely with this one.

The general direction of flood (feathered arrow) and ebb tidal streams around Saturna Island are shown in the image. Ebb and flood currents between Saturna and Pender Islands are generally less strong, and direction varies. For detailed information it is helpful to refer to the Current Atlas (Juan de Fuca Strait to Strait of Georgia) by the Canadian Hydrographic Service — a free PDF available from DFO. The publication has 93 scenarios of current direction and flow rate for our wider area. The corresponding Murray’s Table (free download, available through 2030, last checked April 2026) connects each hour with an applicable page. Note that currents at Boat Passage and similar narrow passages cannot be properly identified this way — the Current Atlas is better suited to reading the larger patterns of tidal stream movement across the region. Thick, fat arrows indicate strong currents of 2.5 knots and above. Be very cautious in the surrounding area.

For those who prefer a digital tool, the PNW Current Atlas app (iOS) combines the Current Atlas and lookup tables in one place. Bear in mind that like the printed atlas, it is best used for reading broader tidal stream patterns rather than precise timing at narrow passages like Boat Passage, which are not marked in the atlas. The app has a free trial after which you purchase it. I have found it most helpful to have accessible on my phone.

A newer alternative is the Salish Sea Tidal Current Atlas (SSTCA) by Dr. Richard Dewey of Victoria, BC. This free resource uses a higher resolution tidal model than the original DFO atlas and covers more of the Salish Sea. For our area around Saturna Island, download Volume 1E along with the SSTCA Volume 1 Calendar Lookup Tables for 2026. Note that the SSTCA shows a discrepancy in Tumbo Channel compared to the original DFO atlas. The DFO atlas shows the channel running in a back eddy around Tumbo Island, meaning that even when the flood direction everywhere else points northwest, the channel current runs southeast — something we have observed ourselves on the water. The SSTCA does not appear to recognise this back eddy. We recommend cross-referencing both resources and using your own observations when paddling this area.

Kayakers often travel close to shore and passing through back eddies that are circular currents running in reverse direction of the main current and are not necessarily indicated in the Current Atlas. I often look at bull kelp as I paddle to help me identify the direction of such currents.

Tumbo Channel currents always run toward East Point due to an eddie forming at Tumbo and Cabbage Islands. The only time the surface water does not move that way is when winds are stronger and force the surface water the other direction. Other than that, plan your sea kayaking trip taking advantage of the tidal stream whenever it is safe to do so (i.e. travel counter clockwise around Tumbo Island).

Boat Passage at Flood Current

Boat Passage at Flood Current

Visit Boat Passage once a while from shore and view it at different flow rates. You may see a still pond and an hour later a raging river. With currents as strong as 6 knots, it can run twice as fast as the speed of an average skilled paddler. At high speeds expect turbulent water with whirlpools also. If not understood, Boat Passage can become a one-way trip ending in a rescue scenario or at best a very long wait for a turn of tidal stream flow. You can however cross many narrow passages by sea kayak during a predictable window of opportunity when tidal horizonal movement turns, called slack tide. To work out how much time you have to get through a passage, you need to know slack time as well as the maximum ebb or flood of the current before and after slack (typically around 3 hours before and after). I am going to pick an example here around a new moon when tidal ranges are great. Let’s say that you want to get through Boat Passage on Sunday June 28th, 2026, a few days after a new moon when tidal ranges are greatest, and wonder when it is safe to do so. There is no current station measuring speeds and times here; data is derived from surrounding current stations. We find the numbers close to what happens. Look up maximum ebb (into Winter Cove), slack time and maximum flood currents (toward Vancouver) and click through to currents at Boat Passage (and choose the date):

Max Ebb: 3.5 knots
Slack: 9:40am
Max Flood: 5 knots

Apply the Slack Water Rule:

Period of Slack Water (minutes) = 60/Speed of Max Current (knots)

Period of Slack Water = 60/3.5 = 17 minutes (before slack)
Period of Slack Water = 60/5 = 12 minutes (after slack)
Total Period of Slack Water = 17+12 = 29 minutes (starting 17 minutes before slack water at 9:40am, so at 9:23am)

This formula calculates how much time there is to safely get through a passage by sea kayak. Always arrive early, so that you can allow for variables and be flexible if conditions are beyond your skill level. If you are not sure it is safe, apply common sense and don’t cross till you have gained more skills as well as better judgement. Always be aware of your surroundings and other boats passing through, some of which are unable to move out of the way, if you move into theirs. Boat Passage is a very short passage and therefore travelling through it under the right conditions is fast. If you wanted to get through Active Pass, you want to be aware of the much longer distance and time needed to travel through it. If your paddling speed is 3 knots, just one knot of current against you, will slow you down to 2 knots. One nautical mile will take you 30 minutes instead of 20. While not the whole stretch of Active Pass encounters the strong currents, certain areas are extremely fast flowing with whirlpools and in addition ferry traffic and waves to look out for.

Great, now that you can figure out when to get through Boat Passage safely, think about the rest of your trip. Will you go to a destination beach and return in around six hours with the next slack time? Or will you carry on your journey to a different destination. If you are planning on going around Samuel Island, beware that the passage between Samuel and Mayne Island also has currents that can be significant for a paddler.

Tide, weather and current information relevant to Saturna Island can be found at the same link. Use this information for the Go-No-Go decision making process that we use in planning and launching a trip, considering various environmental factors.

For more on the specific hazards at Boiling Reef and East Point, including real rescue scenarios from those waters, read our article Boating Hazards at Boiling Reef.

KayakingSkills.com offers Paddle Canada sea kayaking courses at various levels, from Basic Sea Kayak Skills through to Level 2, all taught on the waters around Saturna Island where tides and currents are part of every trip. Understanding how to read and use tidal stream information is also a practical advantage on our multi-day tours such as the Samuel Island Circumnavigation and Around Saturna in 2 Days. For more on paddling technique and how a strong forward stroke helps when currents turn against you, see The Sea Kayaker’s Self Defence.

Saturna’s Tides Decoded

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The following information, observations and conclusions are from the perspective of a Saturna Island based Sea Kayaker and Paddle Canada certified Sea Kayaking Instructor and compiled to the best of her knowledge and experience over the past five years.

Tides move up and down, currents move side to side. Tides are actually long-period waves that roll around the planet as the ocean is “pulled” back and forth as the moon and sun interact with earth. The moon orbits earth and earth spins around the sun. The moon and sun both have a gravitational pull, strongly effecting large bodies of water. There is a repeating cycle as the moon orbits earth. The moon causes the majority of the gravitational pull. When sun, moon and earth align during full moon and new moon, the gravitational pull is amplified. Around two days later we experience the largest tides, called spring tides (think of “springing up and down”). This means that more water moves between low and high tides. During the first and third quarter moons, the gravitational pull is reduced, and we have smaller tidal ranges, called neap tides. Currents, also called tidal streams, are the horizontal effect of the tidal movement. While tides are biggest at spring tides, currents are also stronger as more water volume is pulled around earth. Due to the varied coastline and the many small islands in our area, slack water (when there is little to no current at the change of direction of tidal flow) does not necessarily occur simultaneously with high and low tide times, despite their correlation. The West coast of North America mostly experiences two high and two low tides of different heights each lunar day. This tidal pattern is called a mixed semi diurnal tide.

Which tidal station do I look up when paddling off Saturna Island? Primary tide stations that are relevant for Saturna Island are at Fulford Harbour on Salt Spring Island and Point Atkinson between Horseshoe Bay and West Vancouver. Saturna Island has two secondary tide stations: Tumbo Channel and Narvaez Bay and there is also Hope Bay on Pender Island nearby. I once wrote down tide predictions for Hope Bay, Tumbo Channel and Narvaez Bay, Fulford Harbour and Point Atkinson. I converted all the information into a graph and noticed that the difference and potential error margin for our purpose is too small to really fuss about (see graph). Especially when looking at Tumbo Channel, Hope Bay and Fulford Harbour: the graph looked almost identical for those three. Who knows, maybe I just picked a particularly good day to compare them 🙂

 

Keep predicted tide heights and possible variance due to wind and barometric pressure in mind when leaving your boat at the beach while going for walks or overnighting. Always secure your kayak with a rope too. High pressure systems can contribute to very low tides while low pressure systems can increase the height of a predicted high tide.

The Department of Fisheries and Oceans publishes tabulated printed data annually. You can buy Volume 5 for tidal stations of Juan de Fuca Strait & Strait of Georgia or get Tide information at Fisheries and Oceans. Tabulated data is easy to write down while a graph puts numbers visually into perspective and considers that tide heights increase fastest in the middle two hours between low and high tide (roughly six hours apart); both are useful tools.

Ensure that tide times are in PDT (Pacific Daylight Time) or PST (Pacific Standard Time, which you need to adjust during daylight savings in summer). In Canada, tides are measured in metres. Many websites work in feet and generate graphs which I find easy to relate to my needs. What interests us as when launching and landing a sea kayak in Lyall Harbour, is when the tide is going to be over four to five feet (by Fulford Harbour tide station). We prefer to avoid the otherwise inevitable mud battle. Intertidal zones are illustrated in green colour on nautical charts. Looking at a nautical chart for the area, you will notice how much intertidal zone there is at different beaches (look at Cabbage Island for example). Consider this when choosing launching and landing sites, especially when packing gear for overnight camping trips and dealing with low tides.

Kayaking along rocks with a large visible intertidal zone is particularly beautiful and interesting. Sea stars, sea urchins and other sea creatures, normally hidden, become visible at low tide. Take care when crossing fragile intertidal zones, seaweeds and eelgrass that provide fundamental ecosystems for the Salish Sea.

We have summarised sources of information for tide, weather and currents relevant to Saturna Island.

Use this information for the Go/No-Go decision making process that we use in planning and executing a trip, considering various environmental factors.

Ok, so we have figured out the relevant tide stations. And we understand that greater tide ranges happen at spring tides and smaller tidal ranges during neap tides. If you are looking for less currents, go kayaking during neap tides. If you are looking for more currents to play in, look for spring tides. All this is especially relevant when navigating through small passages like Boat Passage or around Boiling Reef off East Point. Our next article will decode currents around Saturna Island.

KayakingSkills.com offer Paddle Canada Sea Kayaking skills and instructor courses at various levels. We teach essential and relevant sea- man/woman -ship. We promise to educate and entertain you. You will get hands on experience with tides and currents in our courses when planning a sea kayaking trip. We help you identify hazards to avoid and risks to mitigate for your sea kayaking adventures. Our intermediate courses include current clinics in areas such as Boiling Reef, Tumbo Island and Boat Passage.

Happy Paddling!

clouds

Marine Weather Workshop Report

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Let’s face it: talking about the weather can be a dry or wet subject.

Not so at the April 14th Marine Weather Workshop with Tony Merry from the Pender Island Squadron.
13 eager students gathered in the Community Hall on Saturna Island to talk about the weather.
The weather man brought some good weather humor with him too.

Here are some weather nuggets for those that missed this Marine Weather Course with Tony Merry, hosted by KayakingSkills.com:

The sun causes our weather.

We are surrounded by air which is 78% nitrogen and only about 21% oxygen.
So, when Tony fills his car tires with air, he uses 78% nitrogen 😊

Without water as vapour, liquid or solid, there would be no weather.

We looked at a surface analysis NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) printout that gives a good picture of the weather that is approaching from the Pacific. We learned to make more sense of this surface analysis with its isobars, fronts, highs and lows.

Cold fronts move faster than warm fronts and when they catch up, we end up with a TROWAL (Trough of warm air aloft).

Wind moves from high to low pressure.

Isobars are 4 mbar apart. The closer the lines of the isobars, the stronger the winds.

In the Southern Gulf Islands, the prevailing winds are South Easterlies (wind moves from whatever direction is indicated).

Buys-Ballot’s Law: “If you stand with your back to the wind in the Northern Hemisphere, pressure is lower to your left.”

Wave height is influenced mostly by wind speed, duration of wind and fetch. Fetch is the distance the wind blows over an open water surface. The largest waves will be generated when the wind speed, time frame, and fetch are greatest.

Clouds are mainly defined by the height of their base above the ground and their shape.
High clouds are composed of ice crystals, giving them a white and bright appearance. Medium and lower hanging clouds may include ice crystals, but often mostly water droplets and look greyer.
Clouds high in the sky give information about future weather tendencies, lower clouds are relevant for present weather conditions.

Whether you are inside the fog or looking at a low-lying cloud is merely a matter of perspective 😊

To determine the height of cumulus clouds, check this out: is the cloud element bigger or smaller than your 3 fingers held next to each other at armlength? Bigger: it is lower (stratocumulus). Smaller: it is higher (altocumulus).

And then there are clouds of vertical development that we need to look out for…

Hail only comes from cumulonimbus clouds. Therefore, we know what clouds were over Saturna Island on April 7th (2018), when hail fell and thunder and lightning hit Saturna Island. Though rare for thunder and lightning to be quite as close to home here, it does happen.

KayakingSkills.com occasionally hosts workshops and speakers about being safe on the water; especially interesting for kayakers and boaters. Drop us an email if you like to be informed about future events. All kayaking courses conducted by KayakingSkills.com cover a relevant marine weather overview also.

Kayaking Skills on Saturna Island

Kayaking Skills on Saturna Island

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Saturna Island: A Sea Kayaking Paradise

We are excited to be offering Paddle Canada Certified Sea Kayaking Courses on Saturna Island and surrounding areas.
Check out our 2019 Sea Kayaking Courses.
We are a family owned and operated sea kayaking company that loves to kayak the Southern Gulf Islands.
Our goal is the help you and your family become more safe and skilled on the water.
Come and join us for an adventure of a lifetime.

We are currently offering Sea Kayaking Skills Courses.

Paddle Canada Basic Sea Kayaking Course: 
Aim: Basic Kayak introduces the novice to paddling a kayak in calm sheltered water.
Rescue techniques at this level incorporate the use of a paddling partner and it is essential for all
Basic Kayak certified paddlers to travel on the water with others who have been trained in the techniques of assisted rescues.
Course Length: 1 Day

Paddle Canada Level 1 Sea Kayaking Course: 
Aim: Level-1 provides the skill and knowledge necessary for day-long sea kayaking trips in sheltered waters (non-wilderness areas).
Successful completion of Level-1 indicates competence to paddle a sea kayak within a sheltered bay in the company of one or more paddlers with Level-1 or greater skill and knowledge.
Prerequisites: Paddle Canada Basic Kayak skills certification or equivalent skill and knowledge.
Course Length: 2 Days

Paddle Canada Level 2 Sea Kayaking Course: 
Aim: To provide the skills and knowledge for proficient kayaking in moderate conditions,
on overnight trips along a moderately exposed shore with frequent easy landing opportunities.
Prerequisites: Paddle Canada Level-1 Skills certification or equivalent skill and knowledge.
Course Length: 5 Days

Paddle Canada Basic Sea Kayaking Instructor Certification Course: 
Aim: To provide a national certification in the instruction and administration of the Paddle Canada Basic Sea Kayak skills course.
Prerequisites: At least 16 years of age.
Paddle Canada Sea Kayaking Level-1 Skills Certification.
Current Standard First Aid / CPR (14 hours) or Wilderness First Aid (16 hours)
Course Length: 2.5 Days

Paddle Canada Kayak Rolling Skills
Aim: To understand the basic mechanics involved in rolling a kayak, and to develop the ability to roll a kayak confidently in calm conditions.
Prerequisites: Must be able to perform a controlled and calm wet exit.

Instructor: Fred Shadian
Paddle Canada Basic Instructor
Paddle Canada Level 1 Instructor
Paddle Canada Level 2 Instructor
Sea Kayak Guides Alliance of BC: Level One Guide
Wilderness and Remote First Aid CPR/AED Level C
VHF Restricted Operator’s Certificate (Maritime)
Pleasure Craft Operator
Teaching Martial Arts since 1989